{"id":34721,"date":"2024-12-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-12-29T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cdri.org.kh\/new\/news\/access-to-information-for-persons-with-disabilities-in-cambodia-challenges-and-the-way-forward\/"},"modified":"2025-02-16T19:48:15","modified_gmt":"2025-02-16T12:48:15","slug":"access-to-information-for-persons-with-disabilities-in-cambodia-challenges-and-the-way-forward","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/cdri.org.kh\/new\/news\/access-to-information-for-persons-with-disabilities-in-cambodia-challenges-and-the-way-forward\/","title":{"rendered":"Access to Information for Persons with Disabilities in Cambodia: Challenges and the Way Forward"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">By Chea<br \/>\nPhal and Bun Phoury<o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Access to information is a<br \/>\nfundamental human right, protected through the United Nations <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/instruments-mechanisms\/instruments\/convention-rights-persons-disabilities\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Convention on the Rights of Persons<br \/>\nwith Disabilities<\/span><\/a><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><br \/>\n(UNCRPD). Information enables individuals to make informed decisions,<br \/>\nparticipate in public life, and exercise their rights. Yet, for millions of<br \/>\npersons with disabilities worldwide, including in Cambodia, accessing essential<br \/>\ninformation remains a formidable challenge. Opportunities for persons with<br \/>\ndisabilities are often restricted by systemic barriers and gaps in policy<br \/>\nimplementation, hindering their full participation in society.<o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdri.org.kh\/project\/information-needs-assessment-for-persons-with-disabilities-in-cambodia\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">A recent project<\/span><\/a><span lang=\"EN-GB\"> by the Cambodia Development Resource<br \/>\nInstitute (CDRI), in collaboration with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/fieldoffice\/phnompenh\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">UNESCO Phnom Penh<\/span><\/a><span lang=\"EN-GB\">, highlights the current status of information<br \/>\naccessibility for persons with disabilities, explores the ongoing challenges,<br \/>\nand provides solutions to improve accessibility for a more inclusive Cambodian<br \/>\nsociety.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"\">The State of Information Accessibility in Cambodia<br \/>\n<\/span><\/b><\/h5>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Accessibility encompasses more than<br \/>\nphysical barriers; it involves providing information in diverse formats<br \/>\ntailored to various disabilities, such as visual, auditory, mobility, or<br \/>\ncognitive impairments. For example:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Visual impairments:<\/b><br \/>\nBraille materials, screen readers, and audio descriptions<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;\"><b>Hearing impairments:<\/b><br \/>\nSign language, captioned videos, or written formats<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;\"><b>Cognitive<br \/>\ndisabilities:<\/b> Simplified text and visual aids<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:\ninter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">In Cambodia,<br \/>\naccessibility challenges are especially pronounced among those with multiple<br \/>\ndisabilities, older adults, people in poverty, low-education groups, rural<br \/>\nresidents, and indigenous communities. The most accessed information relates to<br \/>\nsociety, culture, healthcare, education, and politics, often disseminated by<br \/>\ngovernment agencies, NGOs, and other organisations. However, many formats fail<br \/>\nto meet the needs of diverse disability groups. A director of an Organisation<br \/>\nfor Persons with Disabilities (OPD) in Kampong Chhnang gave a snapshot of the<br \/>\nstate of information accessibility by persons with disabilities in the province<br \/>\nas follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:\ninter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u201cIf a person is having difficulty in<br \/>\nseeing, we should not give them posters or pictures. Some posters or printed<br \/>\nmaterials are also made without consideration of people who have difficulties<br \/>\nseeing colours. If they cannot see or read, they will just keep that printed<br \/>\nmaterial out of sight. There is no use for them anyway. There are job<br \/>\nopportunities for persons with disabilities, but the moment that information<br \/>\nreaches them, the deadline has already passed. Some job descriptions or<br \/>\ncriteria are set too high for them to apply for. For example, cleaners need to<br \/>\nhave a grade 12 certificate. We also encourage persons with disabilities to<br \/>\nhelp plant trees and take care of the environment, but they told us that they<br \/>\nwant rice and food, not trees.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"\">Key Barriers to Accessibility<\/span><\/b><\/h5>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto;\ntext-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1\"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">1.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: \" times=\"\" new=\"\" roman\";\"=\"\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Policy Gaps <o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">While Cambodia has made notable<br \/>\nprogress in disability rights, including ratifying the UNCRPD and developing<br \/>\nthe <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dac.gov.kh\/images\/pictures\/pdf\/english\/National-Disability-Strategic-Plan-2014-2018.pdf\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">National Disability Strategic Plan<\/span><\/a><span lang=\"EN-GB\">, specific legislation on<br \/>\ninformation access remains absent. Existing policies are often vague and lack<br \/>\nactionable guidelines for government ministries and agencies on how to make<br \/>\ninformation accessible. As a result, persons with disabilities are frequently<br \/>\nleft without critical information regarding healthcare, education, and<br \/>\nemployment opportunities. <o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto;\ntext-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1\"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">2.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: \" times=\"\" new=\"\" roman\";\"=\"\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Limited Accessible Technology <o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Outside urban areas, assistive<br \/>\ntechnologies such as Braille, sign language resources, and digital tools are<br \/>\nscarce. Moreover, rural areas suffer from limited internet access and low<br \/>\ndigital literacy, further marginalising persons with disabilities. <o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto;\ntext-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1\"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">3.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: \" times=\"\" new=\"\" roman\";\"=\"\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Socio-Cultural Stigma<o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:\ninter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Persons with disabilities frequently<br \/>\nencounter stigma and discrimination, which hinder their motivation and<br \/>\nconfidence to seek information. Public officials and the general population<br \/>\noften lack awareness of the rights and needs of persons with disabilities,<br \/>\nperpetuating institutional and social barriers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"\"><b>Stories from the Ground <\/b><\/span><\/h5>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:\ninter-ideograph\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto;\ntext-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:\nl0 level1 lfo1\"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family:Symbol;\nmso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol;color:#4C94D8;\nmso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:128;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-bidi-font-weight:\nbold\">\u00b7<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: \" times=\"\" new=\"\" roman\";\"=\"\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"\">Difficulty in<br \/>\nseeing:<\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"color:#4C94D8;\nmso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:128;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Two<br \/>\nindividuals with difficulty in seeing shared that although they graduated with<br \/>\na degree, their blindness made finding employment nearly impossible, leading to<br \/>\ndepression.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u201cI am blind. Sometimes, some people<br \/>\nknow it and they pity me, so they help support me. However, some people said<br \/>\nthat I am blind, so I don\u2019t have to know much information, and rather just stay<br \/>\nhome instead. In some villages, they even told us that blind people don\u2019t have<br \/>\nto make the national identification card because, in the end, there is no use.<br \/>\nI believe that such discrimination led me to not know any information about the<br \/>\nschool for blind people.\u201d<o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto;\ntext-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:\nl0 level1 lfo1\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u201cMostly, we are discriminated<br \/>\nagainst because we are blind. Only a small number of blind people really have<br \/>\njobs, and those jobs are mainly not concerned with labour skills but their<br \/>\nknowledge. For example, when they complete their bachelor&#8217;s studies, it is rare<br \/>\nthat they are recruited from both public and private sources. I think those<br \/>\nblind people are capable, but because of their blindness, it is very difficult<br \/>\nfor them to get jobs although they graduate with a degree. This can cause<br \/>\ndepression as well. I think they believed that they could find jobs when they<br \/>\ngraduated, but everything turned out to be different; I am sure they are<br \/>\ndepressed because of it.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto;\ntext-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:\nl0 level1 lfo1\"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family:Symbol;\nmso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol;mso-ansi-language:\nEN-GB\">\u00b7<\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\" size=\"1\">\u00a0<\/font><\/span><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"\">Difficulty in<br \/>\nhearing and speaking:<\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"color:#4C94D8;\nmso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:128;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Local authorities often fail to obtain information from victims in cases<br \/>\nof injustice, such as sexual violence, due to communication barriers. In some<br \/>\ncases, victims are blamed for perceived &#8220;karma.&#8221;<o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u201cThere are still a lot of injustice<br \/>\ncases happening to persons with disabilities who have difficulty in hearing and<br \/>\ncommunicating and\/or have intellectual disabilities. Mostly, there are rape<br \/>\ncases in my region. However, the local authorities find it difficult to obtain<br \/>\nany information or evidence from persons with disabilities. Sometimes, they<br \/>\nblame victims for having karma from their past life instead.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"line-height: 115%;\" aptos=\"\" display\",=\"\" sans-serif;\"=\"\"><b>Pathways Forward<\/b><\/span><\/h5>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Cambodia<br \/>\ncan foster more inclusive access to information by implementing a multi-pronged<br \/>\napproach: <o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto;\ntext-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1\"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">1.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: \" times=\"\" new=\"\" roman\";\"=\"\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Leveraging Technology<o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Assistive devices like screen<br \/>\nreaders, text-to-speech applications, and captioning can bridge accessibility<br \/>\ngaps. Inclusive design for government websites and social media platforms can further<br \/>\nexpand access of information for persons with disabilities. <o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto;\ntext-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1\"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">2.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: \" times=\"\" new=\"\" roman\";\"=\"\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Strengthening Community Support <o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">NGOs, community groups, and families<br \/>\nplay vital roles in sharing information, particularly in rural areas.<br \/>\nCapacity-building programmes can empower these groups to better support persons<br \/>\nwith disabilities.<o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto;\ntext-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1\"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">3.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: \" times=\"\" new=\"\" roman\";\"=\"\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Developing and Reforming Policies and Implementation Capacities <o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Cambodia must develop inclusive<br \/>\nlegal frameworks mandating accessible formats and ensuring accountability for<br \/>\npublic and private sectors. Policies should be accompanied by national<br \/>\nguidelines to standardise implementation. Promotion for capacity-building programmes<br \/>\nthat raise awareness of disability inclusion, information accessibility, and<br \/>\ndigital and media literacy across national, sub-national, and local levels<br \/>\nshould be in place. <o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto;\ntext-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1\"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">4.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: \" times=\"\" new=\"\" roman\";\"=\"\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Tackling Stigma<o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Public awareness campaigns can<br \/>\nchallenge discriminatory attitudes and promote a more inclusive society,<br \/>\nencouraging persons with disabilities to seek information confidently.<o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: \" aptos=\"\" display\",=\"\" sans-serif;\"=\"\">A Call to Action <\/span><\/b><\/h5>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Achieving inclusive access to<br \/>\ninformation in Cambodia requires collaboration among government, NGOs,<br \/>\ncommunities, and individuals. By addressing policy gaps, strengthening disability<br \/>\ninclusion capacity among stakeholders, leveraging technology, and challenging<br \/>\nsocietal stigma, Cambodia can create a more equitable environment where all<br \/>\ncitizens, regardless of ability, can thrive.<\/span><\/p>\n<table cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" align=\"left\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"23\" height=\"954\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td width=\"453\" height=\"63\" style=\"vertical-align:top\"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style=\"position:absolute;mso-ignore:vglayout;left:0pt;z-index:251658243\"><\/p>\n<table cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><!--[endif]--><\/p>\n<div v_shape=\"Text_x0020_Box_x0020_2\" style=\"padding:3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt\" class=\"shape\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt\"><span style=\"font-size:8.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;\n    color:white;mso-themecolor:background1\">FGD<span style=\"mso-spacerun:yes\">\u00a0<br \/>\n    <\/span>with Persons Having Difficulty in Seeing<o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt\"><span style=\"font-size:7.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;\n    color:white;mso-themecolor:background1\">@CDRI Research Team<o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>    <!--[if !mso]--><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>  <\/span><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso & !vml]-->\u00a0<!--[endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto;\ntext-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:\nl0 level1 lfo1\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><b><span style=\"color:#4C94D8;mso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:\n128\"><o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:\ninter-ideograph\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><o_p><\/o_p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span 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